Section
| HS Code | 417507 |
| Product Name | Lemon Yellow 10G |
| Common Synonym | Hansa Yellow 10G |
| Product Type | Organic monoazo pigment |
| Color Index Name | C.I. Pigment Yellow 3 |
| Color Index Number | 11710 |
| Cas Number | 8003-22-3 |
| Einecs Number | 229-355-8 |
| Molecular Formula | C16H12Cl2N4O4 |
| Molecular Weight | 395.20 g/mol |
| Appearance | Greenish-yellow powder |
| Color Shade | Lemon yellow |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble in water |
| Oil Absorption | Typically about 35-45 g/100 g |
| Lightfastness | Moderate to good, depending on application |
| Heat Resistance | Moderate; suitable for conventional applications |
| Main Applications | Paints, printing inks, plastics, and rubber |
| Opacity | Semi-opaque to opaque |
As an accredited Lemon Yellow 10G factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Lemon Yellow 10G is supplied in a sealed, light-resistant container labeled 10 g, with clear product identification and safety warnings. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Lemon Yellow 10G is palletized, secured, labeled, and loaded into a 20-foot FCL container for safe chemical transport. |
| Shipping | Lemon Yellow 10G should be shipped in securely sealed, properly labeled containers, protected from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. Confirm transport classification against the current SDS and local regulations; if not classified as dangerous goods, standard dry-cargo handling is appropriate. Store cool, dry, and well-ventilated. |
| Storage | Store Lemon Yellow 10G in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area in a tightly closed, labeled container, away from direct sunlight, heat, ignition sources, and incompatible oxidizers or acids. Prevent dust formation and protect from moisture. Keep out of reach of unauthorized personnel; use appropriate PPE and follow SDS/local regulations. Do not store near food, drink, or animal feed. |
| Shelf Life | Stored tightly sealed in a cool, dry, dark place, Lemon Yellow 10G remains stable and typically has a shelf life of several years. |
In waterborne architectural emulsion paints, Lemon Yellow 10G (C.I. Pigment Yellow 3, CAS 6486-23-3) enters the grind phase as a predispersed pigment paste typically containing 35–45 wt% pigment, 8–12 wt% anionic dispersant calculated on pigment mass, and a water/glycol cosolvent balance. High-speed disperser grinding at a tip speed of 18–22 m/s for 30–45 min reduces aggregate size to a Hegman gauge reading below 10 µm. Interior high-PVC paints formulated at pigment volume concentrations above 45% tolerate this pigment well when letdown is completed under low shear. In white bases, additions of 2.0–3.5 wt% pigment on total paint solids generate a clean green-shade lemon tint without excessive muddiness. Exterior masonry formulations require tighter boundaries: accelerated Xenon arc exposure per ISO 105-B02:2014 indicates that deep-shade films show a Blue Wool Scale rating of 5–6 after 200 h, whereas the corresponding full-shade rating is 7. The arylamide backbone is vulnerable to wet-light degradation in alkaline cementitious substrates, so exterior topcoats containing this pigment should either cap pigment loading below 3.0 wt% or incorporate a UV-absorbing clear finish. Viscosity rise during storage at 40°C for 14 days is controlled by maintaining free dispersant concentration in the aqueous phase; overdosing above 12 wt% dispersant on pigment mass causes foam stabilization and a drop in scrub resistance measured by ISO 11998:2006.
Short-oil alkyd-melamine stoving enamels for decorative metal substrates can incorporate Lemon Yellow 10G only when the cure cycle is capped at 120°C for 30 min. Continuous oven trials on cold-rolled steel panels through an infrared/forced-air tunnel at 130°C for 20 min produce a visible shade drift toward red and a tinting-strength loss of 5–8% relative to the 120°C reference. Millbase preparation on a triple-roll mill with a hydraulic nip pressure of 40–50 µm followed by reduction to 4–6 wt% pigment on binder solids yields the most stable dispersions. Aromatic hydrocarbon reducers such as xylene promote recrystallization of the pigment surface and cause bloom on cured films; isobutanol/n-butanol blends at 10–15 wt% of total solvent are the preferred reduction solvents. Gloss retention after 200 h of accelerated weathering per ISO 11341:2004 declines more rapidly than for isoindolinone yellows, limiting outdoor use to short-life decorative metal furniture and interior hardware. The addition of 0.2–0.4 wt% of a benzotriazole UV absorber on total resin solids slows gloss degradation but does not eliminate thermal shade shift in rework ovens. Batches processed through a bead mill at 60°C residence temperature show less bloom than triple-roll milled batches, but bead wear above 0.1% metallic contamination by mass causes catalytic darkening during storage.
Coldset and sheetfed offset inks use Lemon Yellow 10G at 15–22 wt% in quickset vehicles based on phenolic-modified rosin alkyds. The pigment’s oil absorption of 35–45 g/100 g per ISO 787-5:1980 permits high pigment loading without exceeding a Laray tack of 8–10 at 30°C. Three-roll milling at 23–25°C with dwell time below 10 min prevents heat-induced crystal growth; the grind gauge reading should remain below 5 µm for acceptable lithographic transfer on coated paper. In spot color systems, the material delivers high transparency because its primary particle size of 0.2–0.5 µm lies below the visible scattering threshold. Use in four-color process sets is constrained by a hue angle offset of 3–6° from the reference yellow defined in ISO 2846-1:2017. Prolonged storage of finished yellow inks can produce bodying because low-molecular-weight pigment particles adsorb vehicle components onto their surface; 0.3–0.5 wt% of a hindered phenol antioxidant on total ink mass retards oxidative skinning without affecting tack stability. Mineral oil resistance is moderate, so packaging inks intended for fat-containing food contact require an overprint varnish and regulatory clearance under EU Regulation 10/2011 before use.
Rigid PVC extrusion and injection molding formulations for household articles and toys use Lemon Yellow 10G at 0.3–1.0 wt%. The pigment is dry-blended with polymer powder in a low-intensity tumbling mixer at 15 rpm for 20 min, then compounded on a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder with an L/D ratio of 32:1 and barrel temperatures from 160°C to 175°C. Above 180°C, thermal decomposition of the arylide diazo component begins and shifts the hue angle by 2–4° while reducing chroma. In plasticized PVC containing dibutyl phthalate at 30 phr, migration fastness is poor: plate migration testing at 60°C for 72 h produces visible bloom that cannot be corrected by increasing titanium dioxide. Applications should therefore be confined to rigid PVC stabilized with calcium-zinc systems; lead-containing stabilizers cause severe darkening through sulfide formation. Processing with a single-screw extruder at 170°C and screw speed of 60 rpm is acceptable only for short residence times below 2 min.
Water-based flexographic printing inks for corrugated board and paper sacks accept Lemon Yellow 10G at 8–12 wt% of the liquid ink. Dispersion proceeds in a Cowles high-shear mixer at 15–20 m/s for 25–35 min with 2.0–3.0 wt% of an ammonium-neutralized styrene-acrylic dispersant on pigment mass. Foam during letdown is controlled by 0.1–0.2 wt% polysiloxane defoamer, but silicone-free formulations are specified for printed paper intended for dry food contact because Lemon Yellow 10G has no positive listing under 21 CFR 178.3297. The dried ink film shows a density of 1.45–1.55 g/cm³ and a 60° gloss of 10–15 per ASTM D523-14; this low gloss expands hide on uncoated board. Because the pigment is partially soluble in ethanol, flexo vehicles containing more than 15% ethanol cause color bleed into overprint varnish and should be reformulated with water/propylene glycol mixtures. Print performance on clay-coated kraft remains acceptable at line speeds up to 150 m/min when the ink pH is held between 8.5 and 9.5.
| Downstream route | Typical loading range | Critical process threshold | Reference method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Waterborne architectural paint | 2.0–3.5 wt% on solids | Exterior deep shades limited by wet-light fastness | ISO 105-B02:2014 |
| Alkyd-melamine baking enamel | 4–6 wt% on binder solids | 130°C for 20 min overbake threshold | ISO 11341:2004 |
| Offset lithographic ink | 15–22 wt% | Grind temperature below 25°C | ISO 787-5:1980 |
| Rigid PVC | 0.3–1.0 wt% | 180°C processing ceiling | Plate migration test, 60°C/72 h |
| Water-based flexographic ink | 8–12 wt% | Ethanol content below 15% | ASTM D523-14 |
Textile pigment printing pastes for cotton and polyester-cotton blends employ Lemon Yellow 10G at 0.5–2.0 wt% in an acrylic binder-based clear concentrate. The print paste passes through screen mesh of 60–120 threads/cm, then dries at 110°C and cures at 140°C for 2–3 min. At cure temperatures above 150°C, the yellow shifts toward a dull mustard hue because the arylide molecule undergoes partial recrystallization within the binder film. After three home laundering cycles per ISO 105-C06:2010, staining on multifibre adjacent fabric is grade 3–4; wet rubbing fastness per ISO 105-X12:2016 is typically grade 3. Urea-formaldehyde crosslinkers in pigment printing recipes intensify thermal yellowing at 160°C and should be avoided. The material is therefore confined to decorative apparel and to prints where wet-crock performance is not the primary acceptance criterion. High-mesh screens above 120 threads/cm require a viscosity reduction to 15,000–20,000 mPa·s at 25°C to prevent clogging, but this reduction lowers binder film integrity and further reduces wet fastness.
Artists’ heavy-body acrylic paints occasionally incorporate Lemon Yellow 10G at 3–5 wt% dispersed in a poly(methyl methacrylate) grind base. The pigment is not recommended for outdoor murals because published data for this specific configuration is limited beyond commercial fastness classifications.
Competitive Lemon Yellow 10G prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
For samples, pricing, or more information, please contact us at +8615365186327 or mail to sales3@liwei-chem.com.
We will respond to you as soon as possible.
Tel: +8615365186327
Email: sales3@liwei-chem.com
Flexible payment, competitive price, premium service - Inquire now!
Lemon Yellow 10G, the model designation for C.I. Pigment Yellow 3 (C.I. 11710, CAS 6486-23-3), is a monazo acetoacetanilide organic pigment with a pronounced green-side lemon hue. The grade is available as a dry powder, presscake, or aqueous dispersion and is used where a high-chroma green-shade yellow is more important than maximum exterior durability or high-temperature resistance. In many supply chains it is designated by its Colour Index name, which should be specified in formulations to avoid confusion with solvent dyes or inorganic lead-chromate products. The product differs from C.I. Pigment Yellow 1 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 74 by its markedly greener masstone and reduction, lower raw-material cost, and a narrower processing window in thermoplastic systems. It differs from diarylide yellows such as C.I. Pigment Yellow 83 by the absence of the 3,3′-dichlorobenzidine-derived structural element and by lower lightfastness and heat resistance in most binder systems.
Specification control is commonly based on the ISO 787 series. Batch acceptance requires measurement of oil absorption under ISO 787-5, aqueous suspension pH under ISO 787-9, and relative tinting strength by colour comparison under ISO 787-1. The typical density of the dry powder is between 1.4 g/cm³ and 1.5 g/cm³; oil absorption values are usually reported in the 30–45 g/100 g range. The pH of an aqueous suspension is generally maintained between 6.0 and 7.5. These ranges should not be used as absolute release limits, because surface treatment, particle-size distribution, and drying history influence each parameter. Residual moisture is typically below 1.0 wt%, but pre-drying at 70–80 °C is advisable before compounding in moisture-sensitive resins.
The principal comparison is against C.I. Pigment Yellow 1, C.I. Pigment Yellow 74, and C.I. Pigment Yellow 83. In an air-drying long-oil alkyd, full-shade lightfastness of Lemon Yellow 10G is typically assessed at 6–7 on the blue wool scale, while C.I. Pigment Yellow 74 often reaches 7–8 under the same exposure conditions. In reduction with titanium dioxide, the gap widens because the smaller particle fraction of the 10G grade is more exposed to photo-oxidation at the pigment-binder interface. Against C.I. Pigment Yellow 65, the product shifts the hue markedly toward green; however, PY65 generally provides higher chroma in red-shade yellow matches and better high-bake stability. Compared with diarylide yellow grades, Lemon Yellow 10G has lower heat resistance and more moderate migration resistance in plasticised PVC. The choice of this product in a coating formulation therefore depends on whether the fastness requirements fall outside its known operational boundary, especially when the coating will be externally exposed or cured above 120 °C.
| Parameter | Typical value / description | Test or basis |
|---|---|---|
| Colour Index name | C.I. Pigment Yellow 3 | — |
| Constitution number | C.I. 11710 | — |
| CAS registry number | 6486-23-3 | — |
| Chemical class | Monazo acetoacetanilide | — |
| Density | 1.4–1.5 g/cm³ | ISO 787-10 |
| Oil absorption | 30–45 g/100 g | ISO 787-5 |
| Aqueous suspension pH | 6.0–7.5 | ISO 787-9 |
| Heat resistance in air | 140–160 °C full shade | Manufacturer method |
| Lightfastness full shade, alkyd | 6–7 blue wool | ISO 105-B02 |
| Lightfastness reduction, alkyd | 4–5 blue wool | ISO 105-B02 |
| Residual moisture | below 1.0 wt% | ISO 787-2 |
Typical high-speed disperser trials with a disc diameter of 300–450 mm and a tip speed of 15–20 m/s show that pre-dispersion of the dry pigment into solventborne alkyd media is rapid, but a subsequent bead-mill finish is necessary to break down agglomerates. In a 30 wt% millbase, dispersant demand may rise as the pigment is over-milled, producing viscosity drift over 24–48 h. Zirconia-silicate media of 0.8–1.2 mm is commonly used in horizontal bead mills; fineness of grind below 10 µm is measurable by ASTM D1210 or ISO 1524. Production-scale batch variation is influenced by drying temperature and milling classification. Tight shade control below 0.8 ΔE in CIELAB requires blending or surface-treated fractions.
In waterborne architectural paints, the pigment is usually added at pigment volume concentrations below 5% for pastel lemon shades. Its brightness in titanium dioxide reduction is adequate for interior applications, but long-term exterior chalking and colour retention are limited. In synthetic resin enamels and general industrial finishes, the product provides a clean lemon tone at low addition levels, but cure schedules above 120 °C may shift the shade toward green. The grade has acceptable acid and alkali resistance for interior service but should not be used in coatings that require resistance to strong solvents or prolonged alkali immersion.
Rigid PVC extrusion and calendering generally use the pigment at 0.05–0.5 phr. The processing melt temperature should remain below 180 °C when dwell time exceeds 5 min; above this temperature, the monazo chromophore may degrade and the shade becomes duller. In plasticised PVC compounds, the product has moderate migration resistance. High-solvency plasticisers such as dioctyl phthalate can produce gradual bloom in flexible articles. The grade is not recommended for polypropylene fibre masterbatch or polycarbonate compounding at melt temperatures above 200 °C. Pre-drying at 70–80 °C for 2–4 h should be applied when residual moisture exceeds 0.5 wt%. Published data for this specific configuration is limited for polyamide and polycarbonate injection moulding, and each application should be confirmed by production-scale colour retention trials.
When accelerated weathering data are compared, Lemon Yellow 10G does not meet the retention requirements of a long-life exterior trim enamel based on high-solids alkyd or two-component polyurethane chemistry. Even at full shade, the grade tends to lose tinctorial strength and shift green after 500–1,000 h of QUV-A exposure; the effect is more pronounced in reduction with TiO2. At 2,000 h accelerated weathering, colour differences can exceed 3 ΔE in white reductions, while a benzimidazolone yellow control typically remains below 1.5 ΔE. For coil coatings and powder coatings cured above 170 °C, the product’s heat sensitivity and limited exterior durability combine to make it unsuitable. C.I. Pigment Yellow 151 or C.I. Pigment Yellow 154 is normally required when the application specifies a colour difference below 1.5 ΔE after accelerated weathering.
| Pigment | Relative shade | Full-shade lightfastness, alkyd | Heat resistance | Migration in plasticised PVC | Typical boundary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C.I. Pigment Yellow 3 / Lemon Yellow 10G | green-shade lemon | 6–7 blue wool | 140–160 °C | moderate | interior coatings, inks, PVC below 180 °C |
| C.I. Pigment Yellow 1 | medium Hansa yellow | 7 blue wool | 140 °C | moderate | decorative paints, general industrial finishes |
| C.I. Pigment Yellow 74 | medium yellow | 7–8 blue wool | 180–200 °C | good | general industrial and decorative coatings |
| C.I. Pigment Yellow 83 | medium yellow | 7–8 blue wool | 200 °C | good | printing inks and plastics under regulatory restrictions |
| C.I. Pigment Yellow 151 | green-shade yellow | 8 blue wool | 200 °C | very good | exterior coatings and high-bake systems |
Water-based flexographic and gravure ink concentrates usually require 30–45% pigment solids and 10–20% water-soluble dispersant on pigment weight. The pH of the finished concentrate is maintained between 8.0 and 9.0 for long-term stability; a drop below 7.0 may lead to pigment agglomeration and transfer defects on corona-treated polyethylene film. In solvent-based gravure inks, the grade shows acceptable bleed resistance in alcohol-rich diluents, but strong ketones and certain ester blends can extract the pigment. The ink should be tested by film draw-down and solvent resistance rub tests before commercial use. In aqueous dispersions for graphic arts, particle-size distribution and biocide control are critical because the high organic content can support microbial growth. The product is used in stationery inks, marking inks, and coloured pencil leads where a clean lemon shade and controlled cost are primary requirements.
In PVC printing inks and plastisols, the product offers good tinctorial strength but limited migration resistance in mono- and di-ester plasticisers. Plastisols heat-cured above 160 °C for extended curing can show a visible shade shift. The product is not generally recommended for food-contact packaging inks unless specific migration testing is available for the final printed article. The absence of diarylide structural units does not automatically establish compliance with food-contact or toy safety requirements; migration and heavy-metal data should be obtained for each batch under EN 71-3 for toy coatings where applicable. In non-polar polyolefins, a silicone-acrylic surface-treated version may provide better dispersibility, but the thermal limit remains below 180 °C in most compound formulations. Published data for long-term outdoor exposure in flexible PVC is limited, and use in exterior signage should be avoided unless the manufacturer has supplied outdoor weathering data for the specific compound.
Users should obtain a current safety data sheet and verify REACH registration and any applicable phthalate or heavy-metal restrictions for the finished article. The pigment’s low aqueous solubility and particle-bound nature mean that standard industrial hygiene controls for organic dust are normally sufficient; local occupational exposure limits should be observed. No universal statement can cover all packaging or food-contact applications, because migration behaviour depends on the final binder, plasticiser, coating weight, and storage conditions.
