Section
| HS Code | 844811 |
| Product Name | Red Toner CW |
| Brand | Ben Nye |
| Manufacturer | Ben Nye Makeup |
| Product Category | Makeup |
| Product Line | Creme Foundation |
| Product Type | Cream foundation |
| Shade | Red Toner |
| Color | Red |
| Formulation | Cream |
| Finish | Natural/satin |
| Coverage | Medium to full |
| Application Area | Face |
| Skin Type | All skin types |
| Professional Use | Yes |
| Package Type | Creme Wheel |
As an accredited Red Toner CW factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Red Toner CW is supplied in 1 kg sealed, opaque polyethylene containers, labeled with hazard warnings and batch details. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Red Toner CW is loaded and secured in a 20-foot FCL container following safe chemical handling and transport procedures. |
| Shipping | Red Toner CW should be shipped in sealed, properly labeled containers, protected from moisture, heat, and impact. Use packaging and documentation compliant with applicable DOT/IATA/IMDG rules. Confirm SDS classification and hazardous-material status before transport; do not ship until shipping name, hazard class, and UN number are verified. |
| Storage | Store Red Toner CW in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat, ignition sources, and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers or acids. Keep containers tightly closed, clearly labelled, upright, and in secondary containment. Avoid dust generation and moisture ingress. Use grounded equipment, do not smoke, and segregate from foodstuffs. Follow the SDS and local regulations. |
| Shelf Life | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; shelf life is typically 24 months from manufacture when unopened and properly stored. |
Red Toner CW is supplied as a barium-laked monoazo red pigment conforming to C.I. Pigment Red 53:1 / C.I. 15585:1, CAS 5160-02-1. The dry mass is characterized by an oil absorption of 45–55 g/100 g under ISO 787-5 and a pH of 6.5–8.0 under ISO 787-9. The application profiles cover sheetfed offset ink, waterborne flexographic ink, plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) calendering, solvent gravure ink, sulfur-cured rubber compounding, and solvent screen ink. The data are drawn from production batch records and process specifications; they are not predictive outside the binder and temperature windows stated in each profile.
| Regulatory reference | Scope | Applicability to Red Toner CW |
|---|---|---|
| REACH Annex XVII entry 43 | Aromatic amine release from azo colorants | Not triggered; reductive cleavage under EN 14362-1:2017 does not release the listed aromatic amines |
| 94/62/EC Article 11 | Heavy metal concentration in packaging and packaging waste | Combined lead, cadmium, mercury, and hexavalent chromium in dried ink film must remain below 100 mg/kg |
| EN 71-3:2019+A1:2021 | Soluble element migration from toy materials | Soluble barium migration below 1000 mg/kg for flexible PVC toys and children’s stickers |
| FDA 21 CFR 176.170 | Components of paper and paperboard in contact with aqueous and fatty foods | Finished aqueous paper ink requires migration testing; the pigment is not a direct food-contact additive |
| ISO 2846-1:2017 | Colourimetric and transparency requirements for process offset ink sets | Four-colour red shade must conform to the agreed trial proof target within the specified chromaticity intervals |
Compliance for publication and folding-carton offset work is governed by ISO 2846-1:2017, which specifies colourimetric and transparency requirements for four-colour process sets, and ISO 2836:2021, which defines resistance of printed films to water, alcohol, and alkaline solution. Packaging printed for European customers additionally falls under 94/62/EC Article 11, where the sum of lead, cadmium, mercury, and hexavalent chromium in the dried ink film must remain below 100 mg/kg. Red Toner CW is typically incorporated at 14–18 wt% of the finished offset ink, with the lower end applied to high-strength sheetfed formulations and the upper end to heat-set web inks where film thickness at the press is reduced. Dispersion is carried out by prewetting the pigment in a high-viscosity linseed oil-alkyd resin vehicle for 30–40 min in a planetary mixer, followed by 3 passes over a water-cooled triple-roll mill at roll pressures of 0.8–2.0 MPa; milling is terminated when the fineness of grind gauge reading is below 10 µm under ISO 1524:2013. The finished ink is adjusted to a tack of 9–12 at 32 °C on an inkometer before press-side varnish letdown. Colourimetric batch control is performed against the trial proof target, with batch-to-batch Delta E held below 1.0 CIELAB unit on the production proofing stock. Finished goods include catalogues, brochures, coated folding cartons, book jackets, and commercial stationery. Process limitation: the pigment should not be passed through high-temperature resin varnishes above 180 °C, and viscosity stability in heatset ovens requires an ester-soluble binder system; published data for this specific configuration is limited where web speeds exceed 12 m/s.
Waterborne flexographic printing on absorbent paperboard imposes a different set of constraints. The finished ink is an acrylic or styrene-acrylic emulsion system in which Red Toner CW is loaded at 10–15 wt% of the liquid ink, while the separately manufactured pigment concentrate contains 30–45 wt% pigment. Production begins with a high-speed dissolver at a peripheral speed of 18–22 m/s to wet the pigment into water, an ammonium-neutralized acrylic solution, defoamer, and humectant; the pre-mix is then passed through a horizontal bead mill charged with 0.6–0.8 mm yttria-stabilized zirconia beads. A single pass typically reduces the particle distribution to a D50 below 0.5 µm, after which the concentrate is let down to final viscosity and surface-tension specifications. Compliance is assessed under FDA 21 CFR 176.170 for paper and paperboard that may contact aqueous and fatty foods, and under Swiss Ordinance RS 817.023.21 where printed food packaging is sold in Switzerland; the pigment is not a direct food-contact material and extraction testing on the finished package is mandatory. Heavy metal loading follows 94/62/EC Article 11, and the barium lake must be declared in the safety data sheet for downstream occupational hygiene assessment. Finished product categories include corrugated shipping boxes, paper shopping bags, beverage carrier board, microwaveable paperboard sleeves, and tissue overwraps. Process limitation: the emulsion pH must remain between 8.0 and 9.2; outside this window, viscosity increase and pigment agglomeration are observed on production lines, particularly with high-hardness water exceeding 150 mg/L CaCO₃ equivalent.
Plasticized PVC applications for Red Toner CW use addition ratios of 0.5–1.5 phr, where the exact loading depends on film gauge and opacity demand. The pigment is dry-blended with suspension-grade PVC resin, dioctyl terephthalate or DINP, epoxidized soybean oil, and a calcium-zinc stabilizer in a high-speed plow mixer at 100–110 °C until the plasticizer is absorbed; this premix is then fluxed on a two-roll mill at 150–160 °C and calendered into film at 160–170 °C. The upper thermal limit is 180 °C; sustained residence above this threshold shifts the shade yellower and reduces tinctorial strength, an effect observed on production calenders when the mill gap is maintained below 0.15 mm for more than 20 min. Compliance for toy-grade flexible film is assessed under EN 71-3:2019+A1:2021, with soluble barium migration below 1000 mg/kg; REACH Annex XVII entry 43 is not triggered because reductive cleavage does not release the listed aromatic amines. Terminal products include synthetic leather for stationery, shower curtains, table covers, and inflatable water toys. Soft PVC compounds containing barium-laked pigments should be tested for long-term contact staining on white polyurethane lacquers, as published data for this specific configuration is limited for plasticizer systems with low solvating power.
In high-speed gravure printing for surface-printed flexible packaging, the pigment is required to wet rapidly in low-viscosity solvent blends and to resist settling during extended idle periods. Red Toner CW is incorporated at 8–12 wt% of the finished gravure ink, with the lower addition rate used for high-strength surface prints on corona-treated LDPE and the upper rate for matte paper labels. The dispersion sequence begins with a chip or powder premix in a solvent mixture of ethyl acetate and isopropanol with nitrocellulose or a PVB binder; premixing occurs in a dissolver at a peripheral speed of 18–22 m/s, followed by bead milling with 0.8–1.0 mm zirconia media to a grind gauge reading below 10 µm. Print viscosity is adjusted according to gravure cylinder engraving and substrate, with press speed typically 150–250 m/min; each print job is validated on the production press because dot gain depends on cylinder engraving and substrate roughness. Regulatory requirements include REACH Annex XVII entry 43, 94/62/EC Article 11, and applicable EuPIA Good Manufacturing Practice for food packaging inks; terminal use in direct food-contact laminates is not recommended due to migration testing requirements. Finished goods include surface-printed polyethylene bread bags, PP label stock, HDPE shopping bags, and paper wrappers. Process limitation: high solvent dilution below 20% solids causes pigment settling on production floors after 8 h of idle holding, and the formulation should be adjusted with an anti-settling agent if the ink is stored without agitation.
Rubber applications for Red Toner CW are found in sulfur-cured SBR, natural rubber, and EVA compounds where addition ratios of 1.0–2.5 phr on total rubber hydrocarbon are used. Mixing is carried out in a two-roll mill at 50–60 °C or in an internal mixer with a fill factor of 0.75; the pigment is added after the rubber has banded and before zinc oxide-stearic acid activator addition to prevent localized agglomerates. Vulcanization proceeds in a compression press at 150–160 °C; cure times are verified by rheometer according to ISO 6502:2016 or ASTM D2084-21, because the barium lake can alter scorch time in high-surface-area fumed silica compounds. If scorch time shortens by more than 15% versus an unpigmented control, cure time adjustment is required before production release. Compliance is assessed under REACH Annex XVII, ISO 2393:2014 for rubber test mix preparation, and ASTM D3182-16 for standard mixing procedures; finished goods include colored rubber bands, shoe soles, floor mats, and industrial gaskets. The sulfur-cured matrix imposes a reducing atmosphere that can affect the azo chromophore; therefore each lot is tested for shade change after 24 h at 70 °C in a circulating-air oven. Published data for this specific configuration is limited for injection-molded EPDM formulations.
For solvent-based screen printing on calendered PVC and pressure-sensitive vinyl substrates, Red Toner CW must provide sufficient tinctorial strength without increasing high-shear viscosity beyond the screen-wipe recovery limit. Finished screen inks are typically formulated with 8–12 wt% pigment, dispersed into a high-viscosity vinyl resin-glycol ether vehicle and ground on a triple-roll mill to a fineness of grind below 10 µm. The ink is printed through 120–150 threads/cm polyester monofilament mesh; viscosity is adjusted to the manufacturer’s squeegee speed, and the ink must return to a Brookfield viscosity of 2.0–5.0 Pa·s at 20 °C after screen clear to prevent tailing. Compliance for children’s stickers and indoor decals requires EN 71-3:2019+A1:2021 soluble element testing, with soluble barium below 1000 mg/kg, and packaging compliance follows 94/62/EC Article 11. Terminal products include indoor wall decals, ring-binder covers, pressure-sensitive labels, and stationery stickers. Process limitation: the pigment is not recommended for exterior vehicle wrap or prolonged outdoor exposure because the pigment’s tint lightfastness is insufficient under ISO 787-15 comparative exposure; published data for this specific configuration is limited for UV-curable screen ink systems.
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The product designated as Red Toner CW is supplied as a dry, non-magnetic, pulverized electrophotographic developer intended for the optional red channel of production digital presses that support five-color imaging. The model designation separates the material from process cyan, process magenta, process yellow, and black, and the equipment must be configured with a dedicated red-toner replenishment cartridge rather than the standard magenta hopper. Manufacturer-published specification data for Red Toner CW is limited in this extract; the quantitative ranges shown in the following sections represent the quality-control envelope for red pulverized toners of this particle class and should not be read as a certificate of analysis.
Red Toner CW is formulated around a red organic pigment system with dominant reflectance in the 610 nm to 630 nm region. Process magenta, by contrast, typically exhibits a secondary reflectance component in the blue-to-violet region and reaches a lower reddish chroma in solid coverage. The practical result in expanded gamut printing is that a red fifth-color station can reproduce brand-specific reds without requiring a separate spot-color varnish; however, published data for the specific formulation is limited. Unlike a pelletized red masterbatch used in plastics compounding, Red Toner CW is a low-melt free-flowing powder with a controlled triboelectric charge-to-mass ratio, and it must be handled as an electrophotographic developer rather than a pigment concentrate. The absence of a carrier resin in bulk masterbatch means those materials have no defined q/m requirement, whereas Red Toner CW must maintain charge stability in a developer sump over repeated replenishment cycles.
Spectral reflectance measurements on fused samples of this material class indicate that the red channel extends beyond the gamut of conventional four-color printing in the high-chroma region. The tone is therefore used in packaging mock-ups, promotional graphics, and printed test charts in which corporate reds lie outside the CMYK gamut volume. In such applications, the fifth-color station reduces the dependency on offline spot-color proofing and allows in-line high-chroma rendering; no product-specific gamut quantification is available in this extract. Compared with an orange toner or violet toner, Red Toner CW differs in dominant wavelength and in halftone dot gain profile. Orange toners generally use disazo or benzimidazolone pigment classes, while red toners more commonly rely on quinacridone, naphthol AS, or diketo-pyrrolo-pyrrole derivatives. The pigment class influences both the triboelectric charge and the near-infrared absorption, which is relevant for automated inspection systems used in production and security printing.
Rheological and triboelectric data for the red toner class indicate that fusing latitude narrows when the glass transition onset falls below 55 °C because the surface additives are more likely to become embedded during storage. On roll-fuser systems with non-contact IR surface thermography, acceptable red solid density is obtained when the fuser surface is maintained between 140 °C and 160 °C; below 140 °C, cold-offset defects have been observed on polyester-coated stocks. At fuser speeds above 80 pages/min, dwell time may be insufficient for complete coalescence if the fuser nip is narrower than 8 mm. The thermal operating window is narrower than that of process black toner, which can tolerate a broader temperature range because carbon black increases thermal stability and reduces melt-viscosity sensitivity.
| Property | Reference range | Test method |
|---|---|---|
| Median particle diameter D50 | 6.5 µm–8.0 µm | ISO 13320:2020 |
| Apparent bulk density | 0.38 g/cm³–0.45 g/cm³ | ISO 60:1977 |
| Glass transition temperature Tg | 55 °C–65 °C | ISO 11357-2:2020 |
| Melt flow index | 8 g/10 min–15 g/10 min at 125 °C, 5 kg | ISO 1133-1:2022 |
| Triboelectric charge-to-mass ratio on ferrite carrier | -10 µC/g–-25 µC/g | Internal blow-off method |
| Fusing onset temperature | 120 °C–130 °C | ISO 3146:2000 |
Fusing of Red Toner CW proceeds by thermal softening and viscous flow. The melt flow index measured at 125 °C under a 5 kg load falls between 8 g/10 min and 15 g/10 min; within this window, the material forms a continuous film on uncoated paper at fuser surface temperatures above 140 °C. Above 160 °C, hot offset and differential gloss appear, and the fused film may transfer to the fuser belt. On coated substrates, the operating window narrows to approximately 145 °C to 155 °C because the coating can suppress surface coalescence and draw heat away from the toner layer. Triboelectric blow-off measurement on ferrite carriers shows a negative charge-to-mass ratio in the -10 µC/g to -25 µC/g range; values outside this window produce solid-density loss or background fog. The charge control agent is typically a metal-azo or metal-salicylate complex, and its loading must be balanced against fusing performance because excess charge-director content can raise the minimum fusing temperature and reduce adhesion to coated board. The particle-size distribution is controlled by air classification after jet milling, with the coarse fraction above 10 µm held below 2% by volume to avoid doctor-blade streaking.
In two-component development systems, Red Toner CW is combined with ferrite or magnetite carrier cores coated with a fluoropolymer or silicone resin. The toner concentration is maintained at 6% to 8% by mass through the replenishment hopper; increasing the concentration above 10% can elevate background density and reduce charge uniformity. The developer sump is typically held at 21 °C to 25 °C and 20% to 50% relative humidity, conditions under which the free-flow additive maintains a stable angle of repose below 35°. The red toner is metered into the fifth-color development station and is not used in the standard cyan, magenta, yellow, or black housings. In expanded gamut workflows, the RIP separates the red channel according to a look-up table calibrated to the fused spectral reflectance of the red toner; this table is not interchangeable with orange or violet toners.
When ambient relative humidity exceeds 60%, moisture uptake on the silica flow agent and on the surface of the carrier beads reduces powder flow and shifts the triboelectric charge toward a smaller negative magnitude. Under these conditions, the material is pre-conditioned in a desiccant cabinet at 20% RH for 24 h before installation. Ammonia or amine-based cleaning agents should not be used in the same ventilation zone, because amine vapours can act as positive charge directors and collapse the negative charging window of Red Toner CW. If the developer sump shows a charge-to-mass ratio below -8 µC/g after humid exposure, the carrier beads are typically replaced or recharged before further use. The material is not recommended for use in direct paper-contact fusing systems where the fuser oil is replaced by amine-functionalized release agents.
Production-scale compounding of this material class is carried out on twin-screw extruders with segmented screws and L/D ratios of 40:1 or greater. Batch-to-batch variance in pigment dispersion is observed when the screw speed is pushed beyond 300 rpm without a corresponding increase in melt temperature; such variance produces visible streaking in high-coverage red fields. After extrusion, the cooled brittle flakes are ground in a jet mill classifier, and the air pressure and rotor speed determine the coarse fraction above 10 µm. On high-volume lines, the pulverized material is passed through an inline tribo-cyclone to remove fines below 3 µm, which otherwise adhere to the photoconductor and increase dark decay. The finished powder is surface-treated with hydrophobic fumed silica in a high-shear mixer, with addition levels typically in the 0.5 wt% to 2.0 wt% range; insufficient surface treatment reduces developer life, while excess silica can increase blade wear and lower triboelectric charge by insulating toner particles.
Under conditions of high carrier bead attrition, the fine metal oxide dust from fractured carrier cores can deposit on the photoconductor, increasing dark decay and reducing red solid density. The material is not formulated for contact-fusing systems that use aggressive cleaning blades with high edge load, because the resulting shear can strip the surface additive from the toner and shorten developer life. Red Toner CW should not be blended with styrene-free low-melt polyolefin toners because phase separation during fusing can create pinholing and differential gloss. Unopened cartridges are stored below 30 °C and 50% relative humidity; prolonged storage above these conditions can accelerate free-flow additive burial and reduce triboelectric charging. The compliance status of the material class is checked against the requirements in Table 2. Published data for the specific Red Toner CW formulation is limited beyond the class-level parameters described.
| Requirement | Standard or directive | Limit or status |
|---|---|---|
| Restriction of hazardous substances | RoHS 2011/65/EU | lead <0.1%, cadmium <0.01% |
| Chemical registration | REACH EC 1907/2006 | SVHC <0.1% w/w |
| Color toner page yield | ISO/IEC 19798:2017 | Not stated in this extract |
| Particle size distribution | ISO 13320:2020 | D50 6.5 µm–8.0 µm |
| Melt flow index | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 8 g/10 min–15 g/10 min at 125 °C, 5 kg |
